well, i think you're mixing metaphors here.

there's a big difference between having a bug out bag in case of emergency and having an exit strategy in case of (insert your local area's natural disaster here), and having a loaded gun in case of intruders.

I mean, for one thing where I live it's literally illegal to keep a loaded gun anywhere. ammo and gun have to be stored separately. But also, an intruder entering while you've got your pants down is a significantly more immediate threat than most natural disasters, which we have a chance to see coming. The exception being for earthquake, and Tidal waves, though you normally have at least a few minutes notice for tidal waves for all the help it'll give you, though even for them, if you live in an area where these are an issue, where are ways you can prepare and be ready.

A natural disaster is not an intruder sneaking in the night. If anything, we are the intruders who put our homes in places they shouldn't really be.

I also don't place the blame squarely on individuals. Yes, you have responsibility to know and to be prepared, but your local government also has a responsibility to inform and prepare its citizens, or at the very least give them the tools to prepare themselves. I also understand that like anything, the poor, elderly, and minorities are the ones most seriously affected. As KB pointed out, the way the situation is in your country, you basically get subsidized to live in unsafe places. That's crazy, but who lives in subsidized areas? The poor, the elderly, and minorities.

For that final point, i have no solution. As the system stands there is literally no way to help these people until it gets to the point you have to call FEMA. It's horrible. I don't know, maybe you could evacuate them early? Have a focused evacuation with busses and trucks, etc on these likely hardest hit areas? Even that requires the city to be prepared, and the people to live there to know that there's an inbound crisis situation and to be prepared, which others have pointed out is a big ask. If your municipality's doesn't have a strategy, even if you have your own plan, the odds are against you. This is what government is for (says the socialist in me with all apologies for the libertarians in the audience).