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The key idea here is that the long-term outcome does not depend on the size of the populations is involved but on the way they interact. Fascinating application of an already extremely interesting subject.Ecologists have a powerful mathematical approach called evolutionary game theory for studying these delicate balances. This shows how certain combinations of creatures, a small number of predators among a large number of prey for example, settle down into evolutionary stable strategies but also how others form systems that are highly unstable.