All those brands had absolutely terrible reliability and got killed in the secondary market. I don't think one can maintain a profitable brand in the us and have a shitty resale price. So many cars in the us are now sold as leases 30% or more. Brands with bad resale prices will be unable to complete on lease rates since lease rates have to set as a function of initial price - residual . More and more Americans think of cars as monthly payments so if a manufacturer can't offer a good lease rate they just can't compete in the market or end up subsidizing the lease too much to be profitable. Ford for example is imo smartly reducing fleet sales because they significant reduce residual on a product and don't generate much in profits. I think that's going to generate a lot of future benefits when compared to Chrysler and Nissan who are doing the opposite.