I think Japan is one of the more interesting places at the moment in terms of people, society, human interaction, etc. I don't know if there are other places that are going through similar changes, but I have read so many articles about sex, love, family structure, and differences between generations in Japan. I know China is dealing with some unintended consequences due to the one child policy, but Japan seems to be dealing with such a large number of changes due to internal development, global development, and a gap between generations that puts the US baby boomers to shame.

I don't know how effective any government intervention would be, beyond an awareness campaign or two. There are cultural differences that are engrained in the older generation that essentially prohibit them from asking for outside help and a younger generation that is so obsessed with work and technology that they aren't having sex or kids anymore.

Here's an interesting podcast that Planet Money did a while back on women and child care that touches on some of the changes in family structure as well gender roles in Japan: http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2013/07/19/203372076/will-robot-nannies-save-japans-economy

I dunno. It's all very interesting stuff and the government and whoever else wants to pick up their slack have a lot to deal with.