I think we're arguing about two different things here. I fully believe that bias exists. It seems undeniable. I wasn't arguing that it doesn't, or that Arrington doesn't possess any biases. It just so happened that one sentence in this piece was a great example of something that annoys me in science, and has absolutely nothing whatsoever to so with the IT world or racial bias in any capacity. It has to do with a broad conceptual misunderstanding among many people about the interpretation of neuroscientific data. I meant to sling no mud at any scientist; I just meant many are wrong. (I don't despise any scientist. That was a poor choice of words.) That's what scientists do to one another. I used Kandel and Crick as examples to show how pervasive this type of language is. Both of those men are geniuses and well deserving Nobel laureates, and even they aren't immune. "Invoking a philosopher", as you call it, is a way to point out that there are scholars who deal in this type of work who are often ignored. Hacker is perhaps the world's leading authority on Wittgenstein, whose writings about language and levels of understanding are very germane to neuroscience, but aren't required reading in most neuroscience graduate programs. We would all benefit if they were. Scientific data are much more useful if there is a philosophical framework in which to interpret them. I wasn't trying to impress you; I was making a point that dualism is alive and well in today's world and is propagated by the belief that the brain is the new God.