Frankly, although the fuss has been about human germline genomic modification, I think that attention is misplaced. I don’t expect engineered human germline modification to be a big issue – as a practical matter – for a long time, if ever, for several reasons.
First, the safety issues are enormous...
Second, the medical demand should be small...
Third, the non-medical demand will also be small, at least for a reasonable time...
And fourth, germline genome modification in humans will continue, for a long time, to be controversial...
Why was this discussed only in passing in Science? I think because it is not very controversial. The issues of somatic cell gene therapy, a.k.a. human non-germline genomic modification, have been discussed for many years and, apart from questions of safety, efficacy, hype, and research ethics, none has seemed very important. Changing the genes of one person, who will die without passing those on to anyone else, just hasn’t raised deep questions.
Want to end malaria? Come up with a modified version of Aedes aegypti that can’t transmit yellow fever, dengue fever, or chikungunya viruses to humans and will outcompete and eventually eliminate the wild type. Want to make a really economical biofuel? Take an algae and modify its genome in thousands of ways to optimize it for producing hydrocarbon fuel. Want to bring back the passenger pigeon? Use CRISPR-Cas9 to modify the genomes of existing band tail pigeons to match, more or less, the genomes sequenced from specimens on the extinct passenger pigeon. What to corner the market in high-end gifts? Start playing around with horse genomes adding in bits and pieces from other species in an effort to produce actual unicorns. What to make a splash as an artist? Use CRISPR-Cas9 to make a warren of truly glow-in-the-dark rabbits.
Don't agree with all that was written, but good to see the words of a non-scientist involved at the top. OftenBen, might be of interest to you^^