The FCC does not understand - at a fundamental, basic level - what the internet is, or how it works.

Do you?

You need to.

You need to understand three basic things:

1. What a URL is.

2. What an IP Address is.

3. How data is routed from client to server, and back.

Answers:

1. A URL is nothing more than a human-readable IP address. (Microsoft.com is easier to remember than 23.96.52.53)

2. An IP Address is four pieces [111].[222].[333].[444]. Number 1 is the "top level domain", or, in English, ".com". Number 2 is, broadly speaking, a network ID. Number 3 is the company; aka, the word "microsoft" in our "microsoft.com" example. Number 4 identifies a specific machine at that company.

3. You type in Microsoft.com -> your web browser goes to your DNS provider and translates microsoft.com to 23.96.52.53 -> your request to connect to that machine is sent to another (random) machine which routes the request to another (sort of) random machine -> repeat until your request arrives at the machine numbered 23.96.52.53.

That machine ("53" in the IP Address) is probably a firewall or load balancer, that dissects your packet of data and looks for bad code, hacks, etc, and then repackages your request into a NEW packet, and sends it inside the Microsoft network to the machine you want to talk to. That machine then responds with an "Ok, go ahead" - which is routed through a different path - and your communications with that server begin.

That is, in a nutshell, what you need to know.

And ALL you need to know to understand the linked article, and how utterly wrong the FCC is about how the internet works.