Link to Paper (ScienceMag Paywall): http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6334/133
Author's Homepage: Anthony G. Greenwald, PhD
Algorithm used for analysis: GloVe - Global Vectors for Word Representation
Perhaps more interestingly, Extended Reading:
Implicit Bias: How Should Psychological Science Inform the Law?
Statistically Small Effects of the Implicit Association Test Can Have Societally Large Effects
intergroup behavior) as indicating that the IAT was a “poor” predictor (pp. 171, 182, 183). This section’s analysis reaches a very different
conclusion by applying well-established statistical reasoning to understand the societal consequences of small-to-moderate correlational
effect sizes. The first step of this analysis shows that OMBJT’s and GPUB’s meta-analytic findings had very similar implications for the
average percentage of criterion-measure variance explained by IAT measures. The second step explains how statistically small effects can
have societally important effects under two conditions—if they apply to many people or if they apply repeatedly to the same person. In
combination, the two steps of this analysis indicate how conventionally small (and even subsmall) effect sizes can have substantial
societal significance . . .
laws in the 1960s, U.S. courts have used a statistical criterion of discrimination that translates to correlational effect sizes that are
often smaller than r .10. This criterion is the “four-fifths rule,” which tests whether a protected class (identified by race, color,
religion, national origin, gender, or disability status) has been treated in discriminatory fashion. A protected class’s members
receiving some favorable outcome less than 80% as often as a comparison class can be treated by courts as indicating an “adverse
impact” that merits consideration as illegal discrimination (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 1978, §1607.4.D).