Data from the Salk Institute shows the brain’s memory capacity is in the petabyte range, as much as the entire World Wide Web. The new work also answers a longstanding question as to how the brain is so energy efficient and could help engineers build computers that are incredibly powerful but also conserve energy.
Link to paper: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10778
How? They discovered that there can be 26 rather than 2 different states of synapse sizes, they didn't discover a way to create a computer that uses this to it's advantage.